{"id":543,"date":"2025-10-01T13:22:11","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T11:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/?page_id=543"},"modified":"2026-02-02T11:04:05","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T10:04:05","slug":"10_ecological-interaction-networks-structure-and-function","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/project\/10_ecological-interaction-networks-structure-and-function\/","title":{"rendered":"10_Ecological Interaction Networks \u2013 structure and function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_gallery gallery_ids=&#8221;613,614&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; border_width_all=&#8221;4px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][\/et_pb_gallery][et_pb_tabs _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Tools details&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Category: <\/span><\/strong><span>Ecological<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Subcategory: <\/span><\/strong><span>Ecosystem functioning &amp; biodiversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Tool Type\u00a0: <\/span><\/strong><span>Application of graph theory, conceptual model<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Input data: <\/span><\/strong><span>Species (presence\/absence, or abundances\/biomasses), links (presence\/absence), body mass, metabolic rates, temperature etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Output: <\/span><\/strong><span>Network, interaction structure, interaction strengths<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Target users: <\/span><\/strong><span>Scientists, other experts<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Location tested:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Testing ongoing (Archipelago Sea, Bay of Biscay, Porsanger etc.)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Level of uncertainty: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Technical details&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<ul>\n<li data-start=\"728\" data-end=\"777\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Version:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Publication:<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Rights:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Difficulty level of implementation: <\/span><\/strong><span>Easy, Moderate or Complex<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Skill required (for method use):<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Developer information&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Authors:<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Tool contributors:<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Project general coordinator:<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Project Scientific manager:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Project manager:<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Citation&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1397\" data-end=\"1457\">\n<ul>\n<li><span>Barnes et al. (2018) Energy flux: the link between multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 33: 186-197<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Delmas et al. (2019) Analysing ecological networks of species interactions. Biological Reviews 94: 16-36<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Gauzens et al. (2019) fluxweb: an R package to easily estimate energy fluxes in food webs. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 10: 270-279<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Kortsch et al. (2021) Disentangling temporal food web dynamics facilitates understanding of ecosystem functioning. Journal of Animal Ecology 90: 1205-1216<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Kraufvelin et al. (in press) Warming simplifies marine ecological networks through losses in trophic and non-trophic interactions. Marine Ecology Progress Series (2026) <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Nordstr\u00f6m &amp; Bonsdorff (2017) Organic enrichment simplifies marine benthic food web structure. Limnology and Oceanography 62: 2179-2188<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_tab][et_pb_tab title=&#8221;Contact&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Name:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Marie C. Nordstr\u00f6m<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Organization: <\/span><\/strong><span>University of Helsinki<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Email: <\/span><\/strong><span>nordstrom@helsinki.fi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>[\/et_pb_tab][\/et_pb_tabs][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<h3><strong>Assessing Food Web Structure and Function Using Ecological Interaction Network Approaches and Bioenergetic Modelling<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span><strong>Ecological interaction networks<\/strong> consist of nodes (or vertices) and links (or edges) representing species in a community and the interactions among them. The interactions can represent feeding links, or trophic interactions, describing \u201cwho eats whom\u201d in the food web. Trophic interactions represent a dimension of biodiversity that is central to the functioning and stability of marine ecosystems. The organisation of the network \u2013 its topological structure \u2013 can be described and quantified using different metrics. These can either be network-level metrics, describing e.g. the number of links and the connectance of the network, or species-level metrics, such as generality and vulnerability, which are properties that show some of the functional roles of different taxa. The feeding links can be binary or weighted, e.g., assigned an estimate of importance using bioenergetic modelling, taking advantage of allometric scaling laws to quantify metabolic rates. Interaction strength is here defined as energy flux, effectively a common currency of ecosystem functioning. Energy flux dynamics in networks elegantly link together biodiversity, structure, and ecosystem functioning, and many fluxes are further translatable to ecosystem services. In summary, flux-weighted interaction networks provide an approach with which one can examine shifts in biodiversity (species richness, composition, relative biomasses) and ecosystem functioning (flux of energy through the community) in changing marine ecosystems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Availability \/ URL:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][dnxte_feature_list_parent dnxte_feature_list_icon_position=&#8221;dnxte-feature-list-right-img&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_style=&#8221;on&#8221; dnxte_feature_grid_template_row_gap=&#8221;0px&#8221; dnxte_feature_grid_template_column_gap=&#8221;8px&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon_bg_color=&#8221;#143F6C&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon_size=&#8221;37px&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_item_margin=&#8221;||15px||false|false&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_font_size=&#8221;14px&#8221; title_line_height=&#8221;1em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;rgba(20,63,108,0.2)&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][dnxte_feature_list_child dnxte_feature_list_title=&#8221;fdfasfdfdsfdafdafdas&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon=&#8221;&#x35;||divi||400&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_enable_color=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/dnxte_feature_list_child][dnxte_feature_list_child dnxte_feature_list_title=&#8221;fdfasfdfdsfdafdafdas&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon=&#8221;&#x35;||divi||400&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/dnxte_feature_list_child][dnxte_feature_list_child dnxte_feature_list_title=&#8221;fdfasfdfdsfdafdafdas&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon=&#8221;&#x35;||divi||400&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/dnxte_feature_list_child][dnxte_feature_list_child dnxte_feature_list_title=&#8221;fdfasfdfdsfdafdafdas&#8221; dnxte_feature_list_icon=&#8221;&#x35;||divi||400&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/dnxte_feature_list_child][\/dnxte_feature_list_parent][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The tool is used to analyse marine food web structure and functioning by modelling trophic interactions as energy fluxes. It supports the assessment of biodiversity changes and their effects on ecosystem functioning and related ecosystem services.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1197,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[38,91,87,120,107,59,54,51,60,52,43,37,92,70,72,113,109,41,61,133,45,62,50,115,63,53,136,64,58,65,66,86,138,106,129],"project_tag":[],"class_list":["post-543","project","type-project","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecological","category-species-data","category-biological","category-relationships-interactions","category-visual-spatial","category-sampling-measurements","category-researchers","category-generating-understanding-data","category-spatial-data","category-decision-making","category-ecosystem-functioning-biodiversity","category-main-category","category-abundance-biomass","category-modeling-approaches","category-conceptual-model","category-network-diagram","category-descriptive-interpretative","category-subtopic","category-online-databases","category-archipelago-sea","category-ecosystem-services-management","category-literature","category-purpose","category-matrix-visual-spatial","category-knowledge","category-target-user","category-belgian-coast-dogger-bank","category-surveys","category-data-type","category-time-series-data","category-tool-type","category-input","category-southern-gulf-of-biscay","category-output","category-location-tested"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=543"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1202,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/543\/revisions\/1202"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=543"},{"taxonomy":"project_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marbefes.lifewatch.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project_tag?post=543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}